Exploring the Philosophy of Lord Mahavir Jain: A Path to Enlightenment
Lord Mahavir Jain, also known as Vardhamana Mahavira, was a 6th-century BC philosopher and spiritual leader who founded the Jan religion. Mahavir Jain is widely regarded as one of the most important figures in Indian philosophy, and his teachings have had a profound influence on the development of Indian spiritual and ethical thought. This post explores the philosophy of Lord Mahavir Jain and how it can be a path to enlightenment.
The Life and Teachings of Lord Mahavir Jain
Contents
ToggleMahavir Jain was born in 599 BC in the city of Vaishali, which is now in modern-day Bihar, India. He was the son of King Siddhartha and Queen Trishala, and his birth was foretold to be a great event by many seers and astrologers.
Mahavir Jain’s teachings are rooted in the concept of ahimsa, which means non-violence. He believed that all living beings are sacred, and that one should not harm any living being, whether it is human or animal. This is why Jainism places a great emphasis on vegetarianism.
Mahavir Jain also taught the importance of asceticism and self-discipline. He believed that by renouncing worldly desires and material possessions, one could achieve spiritual enlightenment. This is why Jain monks and nuns live a very simple and austere life, often living in poverty and begging for food.
Mahavir Jain taught that there are six essential principles that one must follow in order to achieve enlightenment. These principles are known as the six dravyas, or substances, of Jainism. The six dravyas are:
- Jiva – the soul or life force
- Ajiva – non-living matter
- Asrava – the inflow of karma
- Bandha – the bondage of karma
- Samvara – the stoppage of karma
- Nirjara – the shedding of karma
Mahavir Jain believed that by following these six principles, one could achieve spiritual liberation and become free from the cycle of birth and death.
The Concept of Karma in Jainism
One of the key concepts in Jainism is karma, which refers to the actions and intentions that one carries out in life. Mahavir Jain taught that every action has a consequence, and that one’s actions in this life will determine one’s future existence. This is why Jainism places a great emphasis on ethical behavior and moral conduct.
According to Jainism, there are eight types of karma that one can accumulate in life. These are:
- Jnanavaraniya karma – obstructive knowledge
- Darshanavaraniya karma – obstructive perception
- Antaraya karma – obstructive actions
- Mohniya karma – deluding karma
- Vedaniya karma – karma that causes pain and pleasure
- Ayushya karma – lifespan-determining karma
- Nam karma – status-determining karma
- Gotra karma – lineage-determining karma
Mahavir Jain believed that by living an ethical life and by following the six dravyas, one could shed the karma that one had accumulated in past lives, and that this would lead to spiritual enlightenment.
The Concept of Ahimsa in Jainism
Ahimsa, or non-violence, is a central tenet of Jainism. Mahavir Jain believed that all living beings are sacred, and that one should not harm any living being, whether it is human or animal. This is why Jainism places a great emphasis on vegetarianism.
Jainism teaches that all living beings, including animals and insects, have a soul, and that this soul is worthy of respect and protection. This is why Jainism promotes a vegetarian diet, as it is seen as a way to minimize harm to living beings.
In addition to avoiding harm to living beings, Jainism also emphasizes the importance of avoiding harm to oneself. Mahavir Jain believed that one should not indulge in sensual pleasures or material possessions, as these can lead to negative karma and spiritual delusion. Instead, one should focus on achieving inner peace and enlightenment through self-discipline and asceticism.
The Importance of Self-Discipline and Asceticism
Mahavir Jain believed that self-discipline and asceticism were essential for achieving spiritual enlightenment. He believed that by renouncing worldly desires and material possessions, one could achieve a deeper understanding of the true nature of the self and the universe.
Jain monks and nuns live a very simple and austere life, often living in poverty and begging for food. They wear simple white robes and avoid all forms of luxury or comfort. They also follow a strict code of conduct that includes celibacy, non-violence, truthfulness, and non-stealing.
The purpose of this ascetic lifestyle is to reduce the distractions and attachments that can lead to negative karma and spiritual delusion. By living a simple and austere life, one can focus more fully on spiritual practice and the pursuit of enlightenment.
The Path to Spiritual Enlightenment
The ultimate goal of Jainism is to achieve spiritual liberation and become free from the cycle of birth and death. This is known as moksha, or nirvana, and it is the highest state of spiritual attainment in Jainism.
Mahavir Jain taught that there were three essential steps on the path to spiritual enlightenment. These were:
- Samyak darshan – Right faith or correct vision. This involves developing a deep understanding of the true nature of the self and the universe.
- Samyak jnana – Right knowledge or correct perception. This involves developing a deep knowledge of the nature of the self and the universe, and how they are interconnected.
- Samyak charitra – Right conduct or correct behavior. This involves living an ethical and moral life, free from harmful actions or intentions.
Mahavir Jain believed that by following these three steps, one could achieve spiritual liberation and become free from the cycle of birth and death.
Final remarks
The philosophy of Lord Mahavir Jain is rooted in the concepts of ahimsa, karma, self-discipline, and asceticism. Mahavir Jain believed that by living an ethical and moral life, free from harmful actions or intentions, one could achieve spiritual liberation and become free from the cycle of birth and death.
Jainism places a great emphasis on vegetarianism, as it is seen as a way to minimize harm to living beings. Jain monks and nuns live a very simple and austere life, often living in poverty and begging for food, in order to reduce distractions and attachments that can lead to negative karma and spiritual delusion.
The path to spiritual enlightenment in Jainism involves developing a deep understanding of the true nature of the self and the universe, and living an ethical and moral life. By following the teachings of Lord Mahavir Jain, one can find a path to enlightenment and spiritual liberation.